Ibintu vy'amavalve vy'isoko ry'inguvu z'icatsi kibisi

1. Inguvu z'ivyatsi kw'isi yose
Nk’uko bivugwa n’Ishirahamwe Mpuzamakungu ry’Inguvu (IEA), ubudandaji bw’inguvu zisukuye buzokwikubita gatatu mu mwaka w’2030. Naho BP yagabanyije ishoramari ryayo mu bijanye n’inguvu zidakoreshwa n’ivyatsi, ayandi mashirahamwe, nk’ishirahamwe ry’igihugu ry’amashanyarazi ryo mu Butaliyano (Enel) n’ishirahamwe ry’inguvu ry’igihugu ry’i Portugal (EDP) ryo muri Portugal, arabandanya gusunika cane. Ubumwe bw’Uburaya, bwiyemeje guhangana na Amerika n’Ubushinwa, bwagabanyije ivyemezo vy’imigambi y’ivyatsi bitotahaye, mu gihe bwemeza infashanyo nyinshi za Leta. Ivyo vyashigikiwe cane n’Ubudage, bufise intumbero yo gutanga 80% vy’amashanyarazi yabwo akoresheje amashanyarazi ashobora gusubirwamwo mu mwaka w’2030, kandi bwarubatse ubushobozi bw’umuyaga wo mu kiyaga bugera kuri gigawatts 30 (GW).

Ubushobozi bw’amashanyarazi y’ivyatsi buriko burakura ku rugero rudasanzwe rwa 12,8% mu mwaka w’2022.Arabia Saudite yatangaje ko izoshiramwo amadolari 266,4 miliyaridi mu bijanye n’amashanyarazi y’ivyatsi. Ivyinshi mu migambi biriko birakorwa na Masdar, ishirahamwe ry’inguvu ryo muri Emirats Arabes Unis rikorera mu Buseruko bwo hagati, muri Aziya yo hagati no muri Afirika. Umugabane wa Afirika nawo uriko urashikirwa n’ubukene bw’inguvu kuko ubushobozi bw’inguvu z’amazi buriko buragabanuka cane. Afirika y’Epfo, yasubiyemwo amashanyarazi, iriko irasunika amategeko yo kwihutisha imigambi y’amashanyarazi. Ibindi bihugu vyibanda ku migambi y’amashanyarazi ni Zimbabwe (aho Ubushinwa buzokora uruganda rw’amashanyarazi rureremba), Maroc, Kenya, Etiyopiya, Zambiya na Misiri. Porogarama y’inguvu z’ivyatsi bitotahaye muri Australiya na yo nyene iriko irakurikirana, aho Leta iriho ubu iriko irakubita kabiri umubare w’imigambi y’inguvu zisukuye yemejwe gushika ubu. Gahunda y’iterambere ry’inguvu zisukuye yasohowe muri Nzero uheze yerekana ko amadolari 40 miliyaridi azokoreshwa mu guhindura amahinguriro y’amashanyarazi y’amakara ngo abe amahinguriro y’inguvu zishobora gusubirwamwo. Duhindukiye muri Aziya, inganda z’inguvu z’izuba zo mu Buhindi zarangije gutera imbere cane, zishika ku gusubirira gaze kavukire, ariko ikoreshwa ry’amakara ryagumye ahanini ridahindutse. Igihugu kizotanga amasoko y’imigambi y’inguvu z’umuyaga 8 GW ku mwaka gushika mu 2030. Ubushinwa burategura kwubaka amashanyarazi y’izuba n’umuyaga 450 GW afise ubushobozi burengeye ikirere mu karere k’ubugaragwa bwa Gobi.

2. Ibintu vy'amavalve vy'isoko ry'inguvu z'ivyatsi
Hariho ubutunzi bw’amahirwe y’ubudandaji mu bwoko bwose bw’ibikorwa vy’amavalve. Nk’akarorero, ishirahamwe ryitwa OHL Gutermuth ryitaho cane amavalve y’inguvu nyinshi akoreshwa mu gukoresha izuba. Iyo sosiyete kandi yaratanze amavalve yihariye y’uruganda runini rw’amashanyarazi rw’izuba rwo muri Dubai, kandi yarakoze nk’umujanama w’ishirahamwe ry’amashanyarazi ry’Abashinwa ryitwa Shanghai Electric Group. Mu ntango z’uyu mwaka, Valmet yatangaje ko izotanga inyishu z’amavalve y’uruganda rw’amazi y’icatsi kibisi rwo ku rugero rwa gigawatt.

Ivyo Samson Pfeiffer akora birimwo ibikoresho vy’ugufunga vyikora kugira ngo haboneke ivyuma vy’amazi bitagira ingaruka ku bidukikije hamwe n’ibikoresho vy’ibikoresho vy’amashanyarazi. Umwaka uheze, AUMA yaratanze ibikoresho mirongo ine bikorana n’uruganda rushasha rw’amashanyarazi rwo mu karere ka Chinshui mu ntara ya Tayiwani. Yari yaragenewe guhangana n’ibidukikije bishobora gusenyuka cane, kuko yoshobora gushikirwa n’ubushuhe bwinshi be n’ubukonje bwinshi mu bidukikije bifise aside.

Nk’ishirahamwe ry’ubuhinga, Waters Valve irabandanya kwihutisha ihinduka ry’ivyatsi bitotahaye no kwongereza ivyatsi bitotahaye vy’ibicuruzwa vyayo, kandi yiyemeje gutwara iciyumviro c’iterambere ry’ivyatsi bitotahaye mu gihe cose c’ubuhinga n’imikorere y’ishirahamwe, yihutisha ubuhinga bushasha no gutera imbere ibintu vy’ivyuma n’ivyuma nk’ivyo ( suchamavalve y'ikinyugunyugu, umurongo wo hagati w'ibinyugunyugu,ikinyugunyugu c'ikidodo coroshe, amavalve y’ibinyugunyugu y’imipira, n’amavalve y’ibinyugunyugu afise uburebure bunini), amavalve y’umupira (amavalve y’igice c’umubiri), amavalve yo gusuzuma, amavalve y’ugusohora umwuka, amavalve y’ugupima, amavalve y’uguhagarika, .amavalve y'irembon’ibindi, no kuzana ibintu vy’icatsi kibisi Gusunika ibintu vy’icatsi kibisi kw’isi yose.