Ni ubuhe buryo bwo gufatanya umupfunda w’ikinyugunyugu n’umuyoboro?

Uguhitamwo uburyo bwo gufatanya hagati y’umuvuduko w’ikinyugunyugu n’umuyoboro canke ibikoresho ari ukuri canke atari vyo, bizogira ico bikoze ata guca ku ruhande ku bijanye n’ubushobozi bwo gukora, gutonyanga, gutonyanga no gutonyanga umuyoboro w’umuyoboro. Uburyo busanzwe bwo gufatanya amavalve ni: gufatanya flange, gufatanya wafer, gufatanya butt welding, gufatanya threaded, gufatanya ferrule, gufatanya clamp, gufatanya self-sealing n’ubundi buryo bwo gufatanya.

A. Ihuza ry'ibarabara
Ihuzwa ry'ibarabara niumuvuduko w'ikinyugunyugun’ibipande ku mpera zompi z’umubiri w’ivyo bikoresho, bihuye n’ibipande biri ku muyoboro, kandi bishirwa mu muyoboro biciye mu gufatanya ibipande. Igihuza ca flange ni co gikoreshwa cane mu guhuza mu ma valve. Ivyuma vy’amaflanse bigabanywamwo ibice bibiri: ubuso bugororotse (RF), ubuso bugororotse (FF), ubuso bugororotse n’ubuso bugororotse (MF), n’ibindi.

B. Ihuza ry'ibipande
Ico gikoresho gishirwa hagati y’ibipande bibiri, kandi umubiri w’ico gikoresho w’umupfunda w'ikinyugunyuguakenshi ifise umwobo wo gushiramwo kugira ngo bishobore gushiramwo no gushiramwo.

C. Ihuza ry'ivyuma
(1) Gufatanya amabuye y’agaciro: Impembe zompi z’umubiri w’ibarabara zihindurwa zigacika imirongo y’amabuye y’agaciro hakurikijwe ibisabwa vyo gusudira amabuye, ivyo bikaba bihuye n’imirongo y’amabuye y’agaciro y’umuyoboro, kandi zigashirwa ku muyoboro biciye mu gusudira.
(2) Guhuza amasokete: Impembe zompi z’umubiri w’ivyuma zikoreshwa hakurikijwe ibisabwa vyo gusudira amasokete, kandi zihuzwa n’umuyoboro biciye mu gusudira amasokete.

D. Uguhuza kw'indodo
Ivyuma bifatanya n’indodo ni uburyo bworoshe bwo gufatanya kandi akenshi bikoreshwa ku bikoresho bitobito. Umubiri w’ivalve utunganirizwa hakurikijwe urugero rw’urudodo rumwe rumwe, kandi hari ubwoko bubiri bw’urudodo rw’imbere n’urudodo rw’inyuma. Ihuye n’urudodo ruri ku muyoboro. Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'amahuza y'indodo:
(1) Gukingira ata guca ku ruhande: Indodo zo mu mutima n’izo hanze ziragira uruhara rwo gukingira ata guca ku ruhande. Kugira ngo iyo nzira y’ugufatanya ntiyigere ivuza, akenshi yuzuzwa amavuta y’amabuye y’agaciro, indodo y’umukara n’urudodo rw’ibikoresho vya PTFE; muri ivyo PTFE ibikoresho vya mbere bikoreshwa cane; iki kintu gifise ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ugusenyuka kandi gifise ubushobozi bwiza cane bwo gukingira. Biroroshe gukoresha no kubika. Iyo umuntu ariko arayisenyura, arashobora kuyikuramwo burundu kuko ari igipande kitafata, kikaba ari ciza cane kuruta amavuta y’amabuye y’agaciro n’indodo z’umukaraba.
(2) Gukingira mu buryo butaziguye: inguvu zo gukingira urudodo zija ku gipfukisho kiri hagati y’izo ndege zibiri, ku buryo ico gipfukisho gifise uruhara rwo gukingira.

E. ihuriro ry'ivyuma
Iryo huriro ry’ivyuma (ferrule connection) ryateguwe gusa mu gihugu canje mu myaka iheze. Ingingo yayo yo gufatanya no gukingira ni uko iyo umugozi ushizweko umukazo, umugozi urashikirwa n’umukazo, ku buryo uruhande rw’umugozi ruruma mu ruhome rw’inyuma rw’umuyoboro, maze uruhande rw’inyuma rw’umugozi rukaba rufatanye n’urufatiro ruri mu gitutu. Imbere mu mubiri harakorana cane n’ivyo bihimba vy’umubiri bipfutse, ku buryo umuntu ashobora gukingirwa ata gusohoka. Nk’ibikoresho vy’amavalve. Ivyiza vy’ubwo buryo bwo guhuza ni:
(1) Ubunini buto, uburemere buke, ubuhinga bworoshe, gusenyura no gukoranya vyoroshe;
(2) Inkomezi zikomeye zo gufatanya, uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha, ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’umuvuduko munini (1000 kg/cm 2 ), ubushuhe bwinshi (650 ° C) n’uguhungabana n’uguhungabana;
(3) Hariho ibikoresho bitandukanye birashobora gutorwa, bibereye kurwanya uburozi;
(4) Ibisabwa kugira ngo umuntu akore neza amashini si vyinshi;
(5) Ni vyiza gushirwa ahantu h’agaciro kanini.
Muri iki gihe, uburyo bwo gufatanya amaferrule bwaremewe mu bikoresho bimwebimwe vy’amavalve y’uburebure butoyi mu gihugu canje.

F. Ihuza ry'imirongo
Ubu ni uburyo bwo gufatanya vyihuta, bukeneye gusa amabouti abiri, kandiumupfunda w'ikinyugunyuguni vyiza ku muvuduko mutoikinyugunyuguivyo akenshi bica bisenyuka. nk’ibikoresho vy’isuku.

G. Ihuza ry'imbere ry'ukwifatanya
Ivyo vyose bivugwa haruguru bikoresha inguvu zo hanze kugira ngo bikureho umukazo w’ivyo bikoresho kugira ngo bishike ku gukingira. Ibi bikurikira biradondora uburyo bwo gufatanya bwifatanya hakoreshejwe umukazo uri hagati.
Impeto yayo yo gukingira ishirwa ku gice c’imbere c’umubiri maze igakora imfuruka kanaka uruhande rukaba rurabanye n’ico gipfukisho. Igitutu c’ico gikoresho gica mu gice c’imbere c’umubiri hanyuma kija ku mpeta y’ugukingira. Ku ruhande rw’igikoni rw’umwanya kanaka, haravuka inguvu zibiri zigize ibice, imwe ikaba ifise Umurongo wo hagati w’umubiri w’ibarabara ugereranijwe n’inyuma, iyindi na yo ikaba ifatanye n’uruhome rw’imbere rw’umubiri w’ibarabara. Inguvu ya nyuma ni inguvu yikomeza. Uko umukazo wo hagati urushiriza kuba munini, ni ko n’inguvu zo kwikomeza zirushiriza kuba nyinshi. Ku bw’ivyo, iyo nzira yo gufatanya irabereye ku bikoresho vy’umuvuduko munini.
Ugereranije n’ugufatanya n’ibindi bihimba vy’umubiri, birazigama ibikoresho vyinshi be n’abantu benshi, ariko kandi bisaba ko umuntu abanza gushiramwo ibintu bimwebimwe, kugira ngo bishobore gukoreshwa neza iyo umukazo uri muri valve utari mwinshi. Ivyuma bikoreshwa hakoreshejwe ingingo ngenderwako y’ukwikingira, muri rusangi ni ivyuma bifise umuvuduko munini.

Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo gufatanya amavalve, nk’akarorero, amavalve amwe amwe mato mato adakeneye gukurwaho arashirwako amatiyo; hariho amavalve atari ay’icuma ahuzwa n’ibisokete n’ibindi. Abakoresha amavalve bakwiye gufatwa bivanye n’ivyo bihe vyihariye.

Inyishu:
(1) Uburyo bwose bwo gufatanya butegerezwa kwerekeza ku ngingo mfatirwako zihuye no gutomora ingingo mfatirwako kugira ngo ntihagire umupfunda watowe ushirwamwo.
(2) Akenshi, umuyoboro w’amazi n’umuyoboro w’amazi bifise uburebure bunini bihuzwa n’urudodo, umuyoboro n’umuyoboro w’amazi bifise uburebure buto bihuzwa n’urudodo.